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The LCDs built for projection systems are typically small reflective or transmissive panels set off by a bright arc lamp source. A number of lenses enlarges the reflected or transmitted image and then casts it onto a screen. In front-projection systems the LCD is set on the side of the screen as the viewer, but in rear-projection systems the screen is illuminated from behind. Projectors of greater cost and performance sometimes utilise three separate LCD panels, casting separate red, green, and blue images that combine to form a coloured display on the screen.

The growth in requirement for visual displays has put a growing emphasis on the switching speed of liquid crystals. This has required the development of items using smectic liquid crystals, particular types of which give a faster electro-optical response than nematic liquid crystals. The surface-stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal (SSFLC) display is at this point the most progressive smectic device. With it the liquid crystal molecules are cast in layers that are perpendicular to the substrate planes, which are separated by one or two micrometres, and throughout the layers the molecules are slanted, as illustrated in the figure. The host liquid crystal has optically active molecules, and a scarcely perceptible result of the optical activity and the tilt of the molecules is the appearance of a permanent charge separation, or ferroelectric dipole, likeable to the ferromagnetic dipole of a magnet. The direction of this dipole is perpendicular to the tilt direction of the molecules and in the plane of the layers. Therefore, there is a permanent charge separation across the liquid crystal layer in the SSFLC, and its sign is directly paired to the tilt direction of the molecules. An applied voltage of the correct sign can reverse the direction of this dipole in tens of microseconds and therefore reverse the tilt direction of the molecules. The corresponding change in optical properties can create a change from light to dark in the case that one or more polarizers are used.

SSFLC devices have been publicized for big passive-matrix presentations, but their expense and complex detail has prevented them from enjoying any remarkable progress on the market. Small transmissive and reflective active-matrix SSFLC displays, however, show some probability for use as aspects in projection systems or as viewfinders in digital cameras. Their immediate reacting allows them to be utilised in time-sequential colour systems, in which expensive colour filters are replaced by a coloured backlight that flashes red, green, and blue in fast pace (about 100 cycles in a second). For example, the liquid crystal can be switched to a transmissive state in the red and green periods but to a nontransmissive state for the blue period, with the upshot that the eye sees an average of red and green light, or the colour yellow.

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